| dc.description.abstract | The purpose of the study. In the rapidly industrializing Hungary, the wood industry became
an important economic branch in the country by the beginning of the 20th century, which also
played a significant role in the country’s foreign trade. This industry was extremely important
in the area I studied, as the forest cover along the Dráva was above the national average, and
the quality of the forest stock also had an international reputation. In the last third of the 19th
century, domestic and foreign demand for wood products increased, which was accompanied by
an increase in the purchase prices of wood raw materials.
Applied methods. I involved sources from monographies, employment and census records, and
my own data from researches of archives. In my study I present the larger wood companies in
the region, the results of the plants, the operation and extent of the industry, and their market
relations. I also made a structural analysis examining the entrepreneur and its business together.
Outcomes. During this period, the logistical and transportation possibilities of the region
improved, as the railway lines – built almost completely until the war – networked the region.
In addition to transport on the river, crossing opportunities also increased, so the raw material
could reach a processing unit more and more quickly. In the age of dualism, a strong stratum
of forest owners and entrepreneurs in the wood industry developed. Major wood industry
enterprises were established mainly in the larger estates (Bellye, Dárda, Barcs, Berzence) or
through citizenship in the territory of certain large municipalities. Outstanding among these
was the Beliscian plant beyond the Dráva, which in two decades had become the largest timber
company in Central Europe, employing thousands of people. | hu |
