The Effect of Preoperative Chest Physiotherapy on Oxygenation and Lung Functions among Open Heart Surgery Patients

Abstract

1. Introduction: In spite of the recent developments in the field of preoperative care, postoperative ‎pulmonary complications (PPCs) remain a principal reason for operation-related morbid‎ity and mortality. we performed four studies: 1. Does Preoperative Chest Physiotherapy Affect the Postoperative Pulmonary Complications and Lung Functions in Patients undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

2. The Effect of Preoperative Chest Physiotherapy on Oxygenation and Lung Functions among Open Heart Surgery Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 3. The preoperative chest physiotherapy and the amount of oxygen needed after CABG surgery: A randomized controlled trial. 4. The effect of cold application on pain due to chest tube removal.

2. Aim: The overall aim of this study was to assess the importance of applying preoperative chest physiotherapy on patients undergoing open heart surgery.

3. Materials and methods

3.1. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis that was performed using the electronic resources; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the PubMed central database, and Embase. It was conducted with the restriction limiting results to original articles published from January 2000 to December 2021. 3.2.&3.3. These are randomized controlled studies. carried out in the cardiothoracic surgical department, intensive care unit and preoperative outpatient clinic of Pécs Clinical Centre, Heart Institute, Pécs, Hungary between April and October 2019. Adult patients scheduled for open heart surgery were eligible for the study. They were randomly allocated to the intervention or control during their outpatient visit The study was blinded by an independent hospital employee. The intervention group underwent breathing exercises preoperatively after weaning from the ventilator, while the other group underwent the postoperative exercise only. Both were monitored for seven days after surgery. In the outpatient clinic, all patients received guidance on surgery and possible postoperative conditions. 3.4. A semi experimental design (study - control), conducted Between November 2017 to July 2018. A convenient sample of 100 patients who had chest tubes for duration at least 24 hours after cardiac-thoracic surgery. Patients were assigned to two groups. Study group Applied cold application with soft ice pack gel and Control group without cold application. Conclusion: • The preoperative chest physiotherapy intervention favorably affected the time of the mechanical ventilation and the length of the hospital stay,proved to be protective against the existence of PPCs,caused significant improvement of the postoperative pulmonary functions. and caused improvement in the postoperative oxygenation of the blood and decreased the need for oxygen supplementation. • The application of ice pack during chest tube removal appears to have a remarkable effect on pain intensity.